Blocked drains are a frequent and frustrating issue for many Australian households. They can cause unpleasant odours, slow-draining sinks and even property damage if left unresolved. Understanding the most common causes of blocked drains can help prevent the problem from arising in the first place and allow homeowners to act quickly when symptoms appear.
Below, we explore five of the most frequent culprits behind drainage issues and the best methods to resolve them.
1. Hair Buildup
Hair is one of the most common reasons for blocked drains, especially in bathrooms. Over time, strands of hair can accumulate in the pipes, combining with soap scum and other debris to form a tangled, slimy blockage. While it may not seem like a major issue initially, hair can gradually clog a drain until water struggles to pass through.
The most effective way to prevent hair from becoming a problem is to install a drain guard or hair catcher over shower and basin drains. These inexpensive tools trap hair before it enters the pipes and are simple to clean. If a blockage has already occurred, a bent wire hanger or a drain snake can help remove the clog. In more severe cases, chemical drain cleaners may be necessary, though repeated use can damage plumbing over time. For persistent or inaccessible blockages, calling a professional plumber is the safest option.
2. Grease & Fat Deposits
Kitchen sinks are particularly prone to blockages caused by grease, fats and oils. When these substances are poured down the drain, they may appear harmless in liquid form. However, as they cool, they solidify and cling to the inside of pipes. Over time, these greasy buildups narrow the pipe’s diameter, eventually leading to blocked drains.
To avoid this issue, it’s essential never to dispose of grease or oil down the sink. Instead, allow the substances to cool and then scrape them into the bin. Wiping greasy pans with a paper towel before washing can also reduce the amount of fat that enters the drain. If grease has already caused a blockage, flushing the pipes with a combination of hot water and dishwashing liquid can help dissolve the buildup. For more stubborn clogs, a professional drain cleaning service may be required.
3. Foreign Objects
Toilets and bathroom sinks are common places for foreign objects to cause problems. Items such as wipes, sanitary products, cotton buds and even small toys can become lodged in the pipes, preventing water from flowing freely. Despite being labelled as “flushable,” many wipes do not break down easily and contribute significantly to blocked drains.
The best solution is prevention. Avoid flushing anything other than human waste and toilet paper. Educating young children about what should and should not go down the toilet can also help. If an object has already been flushed and causes a blockage, a plunger may be effective in dislodging it. If the object remains stuck or is causing water to back up, professional assistance is often needed to remove the item safely and without damaging the plumbing.
4. Tree Root Intrusions
Tree roots are a less obvious but significant cause of drainage issues. As trees grow, their roots naturally seek out moisture. If they find even a tiny crack in a pipe, they can infiltrate the system in search of water. Over time, the roots can expand within the pipe, causing severe blockages and structural damage.
This type of blockage is particularly common in older properties with clay or concrete pipes. Early signs include frequent blockages, gurgling noises and slow drainage. Because tree root intrusion is a serious structural issue, professional diagnosis and repair are essential. Plumbers often use CCTV cameras to inspect the pipes and confirm the presence of roots. Solutions may involve high-pressure water jetting to clear the roots, followed by pipe relining or replacement to prevent future problems.
5. Soap Scum & Mineral Deposits
Soap scum is another culprit, particularly in areas with hard water. When soap reacts with minerals in the water, it forms a thick residue that sticks to pipe walls. Over time, this residue can accumulate and combine with hair, dirt and other particles, leading to blocked drains.
Switching to soap-free cleansers or liquid body washes can help reduce soap scum. Regular maintenance, such as flushing bathroom drains with a vinegar and baking soda solution, can also help break down the residue and keep the pipes clear. If hard water is a persistent issue, installing a water softener may be a worthwhile long-term investment. In severe cases, pipe descaling by a professional may be required to remove mineral buildup effectively.
Keeping Your Drains Clear: Prevention & Prompt Action Are Key
Blocked drains are a nuisance that can quickly escalate if not addressed promptly. While some causes, such as hair and soap scum, may seem minor, they can lead to significant plumbing issues over time. Understanding the common causes—from hair and grease to foreign objects, tree roots and soap buildup—allows homeowners to take preventative action and maintain clear, healthy plumbing systems.
In cases where home remedies and preventative measures aren’t enough, professional help is often the most efficient and safe way to resolve the issue. Whether it’s a matter of dislodging a stubborn clog or addressing deeper structural concerns, timely intervention is key to keeping blocked drains from disrupting your daily life.
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